Which one of the following is responsible for the production of concentrated urine
Correct answer: A. Juxtamedullary nephrons
- A. Juxtamedullary nephrons
- B. Cortical nephrons
- C. Proximal tubule
- D. Distal tubule
Explanation
Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla, enabling the countercurrent multiplier system which establishes a strong osmotic gradient in the renal medulla. This gradient allows the kidneys to reabsorb water efficiently and produce concentrated urine. Cortical nephrons have shorter loops and are less involved in concentration. The proximal and distal tubules are segments of the nephron involved in reabsorption and secretion but do not directly create urine concentration.
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About Homeostasis
Homeostasis maintains a stable internal environment through the kidney and urinary system, thermoregulation and excretion. The kidney topics include filtration, selective reabsorption, urine formation and water balance, while thermoregulation involves sweating, vasodilation, vasoconstriction and hormonal control; excretion is different from egestion, which removes undigested food.
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