Which one of the following is a genetic disorder in which abnormally thick mucus is produced in the lungs and other parts of the body?
Correct answer: C. Cystic fibrosis
- A. Lung cancer
- B. Chronic Bronchitis
- C. Cystic fibrosis
- D. Emphysema
Explanation
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic (inherited) disease that causes sticky, thick mucus to build up in organs, including the lungs and the pancreas. In people who have CF, thick mucus clogs the airways and makes it difficult to breathe. Not only the lungs but the pancreatic duct is also blocked, preventing the secretion of the digestive enzymes. The accumulation of these enzymes inside the pancreas is dangerous because they start digesting the pancreas. Moreover, in males, the sperm duct also gets blocked by the mucus, rendering the male, sterile.
This question appeared on the NUMS 2020 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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The human respiratory system conducts air to the alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs across thin respiratory surfaces. Questions cover the nasal passage, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles, ventilation mechanics and gas transport, while distinguishing breathing and gaseous exchange from cellular respiration.
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