Which of the following will be a better shield against gamma rays ?
Correct answer: C. Lead
- A. Ordinary water
- B. Heavy water
- C. Lead
- D. Aluminum
Explanation
Lead is a dense material with a high atomic number, so it absorbs and attenuates gamma rays more effectively than water or aluminium of comparable thickness. Heavy water is still mostly hydrogen and oxygen, so choosing it because of the word heavy does not make it the best gamma shield.
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Radiation in medicine includes X-rays and gamma rays for imaging, radioactive tracers for diagnosis, and controlled radiation for destroying cancerous tissue. The topic also covers CT scans, PET imaging, radiotherapy, sterilisation, half-life and dosage, alongside biological damage, shielding and the need to balance diagnostic or therapeutic benefit against exposure.
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