Which of the following ways can an atom use to attain stability?

Explanation

Atoms achieve stability by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. These processes involve interactions between atoms that lead to a more stable electron configuration, typically resembling the electron arrangement of noble gases. - **Gaining Electrons (Anions):** Atoms can gain electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell and become negatively charged ions (anions). - **Losing Electrons (Cations):** Atoms can lose electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell and become positively charged ions (cations).- **Sharing Electrons (Covalent Bonds):** Atoms can share electrons with other atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration through covalent bonding. This is common in nonmetals.These electron interactions allow atoms to satisfy the octet rule (or duet rule for hydrogen and helium), leading to increased stability.