Which of the following types of force does no work on the particle when it acts on it? (
Correct answer: D. centripetal force
- A. frictional force
- B. gravitational force
- C. elastic force
- D. centripetal force
Explanation
(a) Not necessarily. Frictional force can do work against the direction of motion, like when slowing down a car.(b) Not true. Gravitational force can do work on a particle depending on its displacement, like causing it to fall.(c) Not always. Elastic forces can do work when a spring is stretched or compressed, depending on the displacement.(d) Correct! Centripetal force acts perpendicular to the direction of motion of a particle in circular motion. Since work requires a non-zero angle between force and displacement, centripetal force does no work.
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Work transfers energy when a force causes displacement, while kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy and power describe motion, position and the rate of energy transfer. The work-energy theorem links net work with change in kinetic energy, and efficiency accounts for energy losses rather than treating them as energy destruction.
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