Which of the following shows maximum penetration?
Correct answer: D. Beta-particles
- A. Electrons
- B. Protons
- C. Alpha particles
- D. Beta-particles
Explanation
Beta particles penetrate farther than alpha particles and protons because they are lighter and less charged. Alpha particles are heavy and stopped quickly, while protons are massive but slow down faster. Electrons (in general atomic context) are less penetrating than beta radiation from radioactive decay.
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Analytical chemistry identifies and measures substances using separation and instrumental methods. Chromatography is studied through stationary and mobile phases, retention and Rf values, while spectroscopy connects absorption of electromagnetic radiation with molecular structure and supports qualitative and quantitative analysis through techniques such as UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy.
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