Which of the following process causes substances to move across membranes without the expenditure of cellular energy?
Correct answer: B. Diffusion
- A. Endocytosis
- B. Diffusion
- C. Active transport
- D. None of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is Diffusion. Diffusion is characterized by the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which occurs naturally and does not require energy input from the cell. In contrast, Endocytosis and Active Transport both require energy because they involve active movement of substances against their concentration gradients. Therefore, the only process listed that matches the criteria of not using cellular energy is diffusion.
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About Forms and Functions of Plants
Plant nutrition and transport cover mineral uptake, photosynthesis, xylem movement of water and minerals, and phloem translocation of sugars. Plant growth regulators include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethene, whose effects on cell division, elongation, dormancy, fruit ripening and tropic responses should not be confused with mineral nutrition.
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