Which of the following physical methods is used to determine rate of reaction when rate of reaction depends on the rate of change in the concentration of reacting ions or ions are formed during the reaction?
Correct answer: A. Electrical conductivity method
- A. Electrical conductivity method
- B. Dilatometeric method
- C. Refractometric method
- D. Optical rotation method
Explanation
The electrical conductivity method is the most appropriate for measuring the rate of reaction when it depends on the rate of change in the concentration of ions. As ions are formed or consumed, the solution's conductivity changes, providing a direct measure of the reaction rate. The other methods-dilatometeric, refractometric, and optical rotation-are tailored for specific types of changes (volume, refractive index, and optical activity, respectively) that do not directly relate to ionic concentration changes.
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Reaction kinetics relates reaction rate to concentration, temperature, surface area and catalysts. Questions cover rate laws, reaction order, rate constants, activation energy and the activated complex, including how a catalyst lowers the activation energy without changing the overall energy change or equilibrium position.
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