Which of the following is true regarding a test cross?
Correct answer: C. It is a tool used by researchers to determine the genotype of earlier generations
- A. The traits of a test cross are homozygous dominant
- B. Test cross can only be used for monohybrid and dihybrid crosses
- C. It is a tool used by researchers to determine the genotype of earlier generations
- D. Both A and B
Explanation
A test cross is a genetic cross between an organism with a dominant phenotype, but unknown genotype, and an organism with a homozygous recessive phenotype. The purpose of a test cross is to determine the genotype of the organism with the dominant phenotype. If any offspring display the recessive phenotype, then the organism with the dominant phenotype must be heterozygous for the trait in question. Test crosses can be used for monohybrid or dihybrid crosses, depending on the trait being studied.
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Mendel's laws explain segregation, independent assortment and the prediction of genetic ratios using alleles, genotypes and phenotypes. The chapter also covers linked genes, recombination and crossing over during meiosis, then applies pedigree reasoning to X-linked recessive traits, which show different inheritance patterns in males and females.
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