Which of the following gases has the lowest rams velocity at 25°C?
Correct answer: D. Cl2
- A. SO2
- B. N2
- C. O2
- D. Cl2
Explanation
The root-mean-square velocity of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass at a constant temperature. Therefore, the heavier the gas, the lower its rms velocity. In this question, Cl2 has the highest molar mass (approximately 70.9 g/mol), making it the gas with the lowest rms velocity at 25°C. Conversely, N2 and O2 have significantly lower molar masses (28 g/mol and 32 g/mol, respectively), resulting in higher rms velocities. SO2, with a molar mass of 64 g/mol, is also lighter than Cl2, resulting in a higher rms velocity compared to Cl2.
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About Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic molecular theory explains gases as rapidly moving particles separated by large distances, with negligible volume and negligible intermolecular attraction in the ideal model. It relates temperature to average kinetic energy and explains gas pressure, Boyle's and Charles's laws, diffusion, effusion and the conditions under which real gases deviate from ideal behavior.
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