Which of the following alkyl halides is most reactive towards the Mg atom?
Correct answer: D. Alkyl iodide
- A. Alkyl bromide
- B. Alkyl fluoride
- C. Alkyl chloride
- D. Alkyl iodide
Explanation
Option A) Alkyl bromide is less reactive towards magnesium than alkyl iodide, but more reactive than alkyl chloride and alkyl fluoride.Option B) Alkyl fluoride is the least reactive towards magnesium due to the strong carbon-fluorine bond, which is difficult to break.Option C) Alkyl chloride is less reactive towards magnesium than alkyl bromide and alkyl iodide, but more reactive than alkyl fluoride. Option D) The alkyl halides are very reactive due to highly polarized bonds with a large difference in electronegativities between the carbon and halogen atoms. As per the leaving ability, the order is [I>Br>Cl>F]. Length and strength dominate, not the polarity of the carbon-halogen bond, which would give the opposite order.
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About Alkyl Halides
Alkyl halides are named and related to their carbon-halogen structure, polarity and reactivity. The key reactions are nucleophilic substitution by SN1 and SN2 mechanisms and elimination by E1 and E2 mechanisms, including how substrate structure, nucleophile, base, solvent and temperature influence substitution versus elimination.
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