Which IV fluid is an isotonic crystalloid commonly used for initial volume replacement in a patient with hypovolaemia?
Correct answer: A. 0.9% sodium chloride
- A. 0.9% sodium chloride
- B. 3% sodium chloride
- C. 5% dextrose in water
- D. 20% human albumin
Explanation
0.9% sodium chloride is an isotonic crystalloid that expands extracellular fluid volume. 3% sodium chloride is hypertonic, 5% dextrose does not provide sustained intravascular expansion, and albumin is a colloid.
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About IV Fluids and Blood Transfusion
IV therapy covers crystalloid and colloid fluids, electrolyte replacement, maintenance and resuscitation fluids, infusion equipment and complications such as infiltration, phlebitis, fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance. Blood transfusion content includes compatibility, cross matching, administration precautions and recognition of haemolytic, febrile and allergic reactions, distinct from ordinary IV fluid reactions.
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