When a virus is in the lysogenic cycle, which of these will occur?
Correct answer: A. Viral DNA becomes incorporated into the host DNA.
- A. Viral DNA becomes incorporated into the host DNA.
- B. Host cell produces many new viruses before it breaks apart.
- C. The viral DNA replicates and it is separated by the cell's spindle apparatus
- D. Antiviral defenses of the cell expel the viral DNA
Explanation
The virus uses the host to help copy its DNA or genetic information, but it is not producing any proteins.In the lysogenic cycle of a virus, the following events occur:1. Viral DNA becomes incorporated into the host DNA: In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA integrates into the host cell's DNA. This integration is typically a stable and long-term event. The viral DNA becomes part of the host genome, and this integrated viral DNA is called a prophage in the case of bacteriophages or a provirus in the case of animal viruses. The viral genes are essentially dormant at this stage and do not immediately command the host cell to produce new viruses.2. Host cell produces many new viruses before it breaks apart:This statement describes the lytic cycle, not the lysogenic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the host cell is hijacked by the viral genetic material to replicate and produce many new viruses before eventually bursting (lysing) and releasing the viral progeny.3. The viral DNA replicates and is separated by the cell's spindle apparatus: The separation by the cell's spindle apparatus is a process that occurs during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) and is not directly related to the viral life cycle. In the lysogenic cycle, viral DNA is integrated into the host DNA and does not undergo replication or separation by the spindle apparatus until the cell decides to enter the lytic cycle.4. Antiviral defenses of the cell expel the viral DNA: Typically, in the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA is not expelled by the host cell's antiviral defenses. Instead, the viral DNA becomes a part of the host's genome and remains dormant until certain triggers prompt it to enter the lytic cycle.So, the correct statement for the lysogenic cycle is the first one: "Viral DNA becomes incorporated into the host DNA."
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