What is the primary structural effect represented by the P-delta phenomenon in a slender frame?
Correct answer: D. Additional moment caused by axial load acting through lateral displacement
- A. Removal of bending moment at every rigid joint
- B. Reduction of dead load caused by material creep
- C. Increase in shear strength caused by axial compression
- D. Additional moment caused by axial load acting through lateral displacement
Explanation
When a compressive axial load acts through a laterally displaced position, it produces an additional moment, commonly written as P multiplied by delta. This second-order effect can significantly increase frame deflections and moments.
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Structural analysis determines how beams, frames, trusses and arches carry loads through reactions, shear forces, bending moments, axial forces and deflections. It covers free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations, determinacy, influence lines and methods such as slope deflection, moment distribution and virtual work, while distinguishing analysis of a structure from its design.
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