Viral DNA that has become integrated into the chromosome of a bacterium is called a
Correct answer: A. prophage
- A. prophage
- B. provirus
- C. prion
- D. viroid
Explanation
Prophage is the term reserved for phage DNA sitting integrated and inactive in a bacterial chromosome. Provirus describes the same situation in an animal cell, as with HIV DNA in a human T lymphocyte, so it is the tempting wrong answer here because the host is bacterial. A prion is an infectious protein and a viroid is a naked infectious RNA, neither of which integrates in this way.
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About Viruses
Viruses are acellular infectious particles made of genetic material enclosed by a protein capsid, sometimes with a lipid envelope. Their replication depends on a host cell and may follow lytic or lysogenic cycles, so viral structure and reproduction differ fundamentally from those of cellular organisms such as bacteria.
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