These broaden the absorption and utilization of light:
Correct answer: D. Yellow and red to orange pigments
- A. Yellow pigments
- B. Orange pigments
- C. Red pigments
- D. Yellow and red to orange pigments
Explanation
Carotenoids, which include carotenes and xanthophylls, are accessory pigments found in plants. They play a crucial role in broadening the range of light absorption beyond the wavelengths absorbed by chlorophyll alone. By capturing additional light energy, they enhance the plant's ability to perform photosynthesis efficiently. The incorrect options suggest individual pigments, which alone do not provide the broad spectrum of light absorption that is achieved by the combined effect of yellow and red-to-orange pigments.
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Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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