The typical reactions of aldehyde is _____________?
Correct answer: C. Nucleophilic addition
- A. Electrophilic addition
- B. Nucleophilic substitution
- C. Nucleophilic addition
- D. Nucleophilic elimination
Explanation
The carbonyl group is polar, with a partially positive carbon atom that is attacked by nucleophiles, followed by addition across the C=O bond. Aldehydes therefore characteristically undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. Students may choose nucleophilic substitution because aldehydes contain a carbonyl carbon, but substitution requires a suitable leaving group and is typical of acid derivatives.
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About Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Nucleophilic addition occurs at the polar carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones, where a nucleophile attacks the electron-deficient carbon atom. Reactions with hydrogen cyanide, sodium bisulfite, alcohols and Grignard reagents are explained through tetrahedral intermediates, acid or base catalysis, and the different reactivity of aldehydes and ketones.
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