Moderate

The proto co-operation is also called:

Correct answer: A. Non-obligatory mutualism

  • A. Non-obligatory mutualism
  • B. Non-obligatory commensalism
  • C. Facultative predation
  • D. Facultative parasitism

Explanation

Protoco-operation is a facultative or non-obligatory mutualism: both populations benefit, but neither depends on the relationship for survival. It differs from obligatory mutualism, in which the partners cannot normally live independently.

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