The principle of a capacitor is based on which of the following facts?
Correct answer: D. The potential of a conductor increases as the charge on it increases.
- A. The potential of a conductor increases when the charge on it decreases, but this affects the charge stored in it.
- B. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced when the charge on it increases.
- C. The potential of a conductor increases without affecting the charge stored in it.
- D. The potential of a conductor increases as the charge on it increases.
Explanation
A capacitor stores charge by maintaining a potential difference between two conductors. The basic relation for any conductor is: V (directly proportional) Q meaning the potential (V) of a conductor increases when the charge (Q) on it increases. This direct relationship forms the fundamental principle of capacitance: C = Q/V Thus, option D correctly states the essential fact on which capacitors operate.
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Alternating current varies periodically, so phase relationships become essential when current passes through a resistor, capacitor or inductor. The chapter distinguishes resistance from capacitive and inductive reactance, explains phase lead and lag, and connects changing electric and magnetic fields with the production and properties of electromagnetic waves.
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