The primary succession refers to the development of communities on a
Correct answer: B. Newly-exposed habitat with no record of earlier vegetation
- A. Forest that is clearing after a devastating fire
- B. Newly-exposed habitat with no record of earlier vegetation
- C. Freshly cleared crop field
- D. Pond freshly filled with water after a dry phase.
Explanation
When succession begins on an area that has not been previously being occupied by a community, for e.g., a newly exposed rock area, sand dunes, new islands, deltas, shore or recent lava flow, it is known as primary succession. The first group of organisms (plants or animals) which becomes established in such an area is termed the pioneer community.
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Ecosystems include biotic and abiotic components, food chains and webs, energy flow, nutrient cycles, populations and ecological relationships. Pollution and conservation cover air, water, soil and noise pollution, their effects on organisms, biodiversity loss, protected areas, sustainable resource use and methods for reducing environmental damage.
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