The part of the chloroplast where carbon dioxide is fixed to manufacture sugar is:
Correct answer: A. Stroma
- A. Stroma
- B. Grana
- C. Thylakoid
- D. Outer membrane
Explanation
The correct answer is the stroma. The stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle, the series of light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is fixed into sugars. This process occurs after the light-dependent reactions in the thylakoids which produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the stroma to drive the synthesis of glucose. The other options, such as grana and thylakoids, are involved in the light-dependent reactions, not carbon fixation. The outer membrane functions as a protective boundary and does not participate directly in photosynthesis.
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About Bioenergetics
Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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