The octet rule does not always hold for which of the following elements _________________?
Correct answer: D. P
- A. C
- B. O
- C. F
- D. P
Explanation
Phosphorus can form compounds such as PCl5 in which it has ten electrons around the central atom, showing an expanded valence shell beyond the octet. Carbon, oxygen and fluorine generally obey the octet rule in their common compounds. Students may choose c because fluorine is highly electronegative, but electronegativity does not make it an expanded-octet element.
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Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory predicts molecular shape by arranging bonding pairs and lone pairs around a central atom to minimize repulsion. Questions cover linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral electron geometries, bond angles and distortions caused by lone pairs. Electron geometry is not always the same as molecular shape.
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