The Muslim scientist who wrote the books on physics, mathematics, astronomy and engineering was:

Explanation

Alhazen, born in 965 CE in Basra (present-day Iraq) and later residing in Cairo, was a polymath who made significant contributions to various scientific fields. He is often referred to as the "father of optics." Alhazen's most famous work is the "Book of Optics," where he explored the properties of light, vision, and the anatomy of the eye. He also wrote extensively on mathematics, astronomy, and engineering, making contributions to the understanding of celestial motion and mechanics. Alhazen's work laid the foundation for the scientific method and had a profound impact on the development of optics.