The hydraulic grade line in a pipe system represents the sum of the elevation head and the:
Correct answer: C. Pressure head
- A. Friction head
- B. Velocity head
- C. Pressure head
- D. Datum head
Explanation
The hydraulic grade line is given by z + p/γ, so it combines elevation head and pressure head. Adding velocity head would give the total energy line instead.
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Hydraulics studies fluid properties, pressure, buoyancy, continuity, Bernoulli's equation, momentum, pipe flow, open-channel flow and hydraulic machines. Water resources extends these principles to pumps, turbines, reservoirs, irrigation, floods and hydrology, while distinguishing laminar from turbulent flow and uniform from gradually varied channel flow.
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