The gravitational acceleration is maximum on poles as compared to that on equator because:

Explanation

The correct option is: A) Distance between the poles and the center of the Earth is less as compared to that between the equator and center. The gravitational acceleration depends on both the mass of the Earth and the distance from the center of the Earth. The formula for gravitational acceleration is given by: g= GM/r 2 Option A is correct because the distance, r, in the gravitational acceleration formula, is the distance from the center of the Earth. The Earth is not a perfect sphere; it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator due to its rotation. Therefore, the distance from the center of the Earth to the poles is less than the distance to the equator. Option B is incorrect because the distance between the poles and the center of the Earth is less. Option C and D are incorrect because the mass of the Earth is considered constant in this context, and the variation in gravitational acceleration is primarily due to the variation in distance from the center of the Earth.