The following diagram shows the nephron. Identify the processes that occur at X and Y.
Correct answer: C. Ultrafiltration, Selective Reabsorption
- A. Selective Reabsorption, Ultrafiltration
- B. Diffusion, Tubular secretion
- C. Ultrafiltration, Selective Reabsorption
- D. Active Transport, Selective Reabsorption
Explanation
Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries. Proximal tubules are responsible for reabsorbing approximately 65% of filtered load and most, if not all, of filtered amino acids, glucose, solutes, and low molecular weight proteins. Proximal tubules also play a key role in regulating acid-base balance by reabsorbing approximately 80% of filtered bicarbonate.
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The kidney and urinary system remove nitrogenous wastes, regulate water and ion balance, and help maintain blood pH through filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion. Questions cover nephron structure, ultrafiltration, the loop of Henle, collecting ducts, urine formation and the roles of ADH and aldosterone, while distinguishing excretion from egestion.
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