The experiment that simulated conditions thought to be present on the early Earth:
Correct answer: D. Miller-Urey experiment.
- A. Hershey Chase experiment.
- B. Geiger Marsden experiment.
- C. Schiehallion experiment.
- D. Miller-Urey experiment.
Explanation
The correct answer is the Miller-Urey experiment, which was designed to mimic the early Earth's atmosphere using a mixture of gases and electrical sparks. The experiment demonstrated that organic compounds, such as amino acids, could form under these conditions, supporting hypotheses about the origins of life on Earth.The other options are incorrect because they focus on different scientific inquiries: the Hershey-Chase experiment determined the nature of genetic material, the Geiger-Marsden experiment explored atomic structure, and the Schiehallion experiment measured gravitational forces to estimate Earth's mass.
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Evolution describes heritable change in populations over generations through variation, natural selection and adaptation. Lamarckism explains inheritance of acquired characteristics, while Darwinism explains selection of favourable inherited variations; these historical explanations must not be confused with the modern genetic account of evolutionary change.
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