The equilibrium constant of a reversible chemical reaction at a given temperature
Correct answer: C. does not depend on the initial concentration of reactants
- A. depends on the initial concentration of the reactants
- B. depends on the concentration of one of the products at equilibrium
- C. does not depend on the initial concentration of reactants
- D. is not characteristic of the reaction
Explanation
Option C is correct.The equilibrium constant of a reversible chemical reaction at a given temperature does not depend on the initial concentration of the reactants. It is a characteristic of the reaction and is independent of the initial concentrations of the reactants. The equilibrium constant is a measure of the relative rates of the forward and backward reactions at equilibrium. It is a constant for a particular reaction at a given temperature. A large equilibrium constant means that the forward reaction is favored over the backward reaction. A small equilibrium constant means that the backward reaction is favored over the forward reaction. The initial concentrations of the reactants do not affect the equilibrium constant. The equilibrium constant is determined by the thermodynamic properties of the reactants and products. For example, the equilibrium constant for the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen to form ammonia is: N2 + 3H2 <=> 2NH3
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About Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible reactions reach dynamic equilibrium when forward and reverse rates become equal, and Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of changing concentration, pressure or temperature. The chapter also covers solubility product, the common ion effect, buffer action and the conditions used in Haber's process, with equilibrium shifts distinguished from changes in the equilibrium constant.
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