The electric potential sets across the terminals of a battery when attached to load is called:
Correct answer: D. Terminal voltage
- A. Potential difference
- B. EMF
- C. Internal potential energy
- D. Terminal voltage
Explanation
The correct answer is terminal voltage, which specifically refers to the voltage across the terminals of a battery when it is connected to a load. This voltage is affected by the internal resistance of the battery and can be lower than the EMF of the battery when a current flows. Potential difference refers to the general concept of voltage difference but does not specify the context of a battery's terminals under load. EMF is the maximum voltage the battery can provide when no current is drawn; it does not account for the effects of internal resistance. Internal potential energy is more about the stored energy inside the battery rather than the voltage available at its terminals.
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About Current Electricity
Steady current relates charge flow to potential difference, resistance and resistivity, including how temperature changes a conductor's resistance. Sources with internal resistance have terminal voltage below their emf when delivering current, and maximum power output occurs under a specific load condition rather than at zero resistance.
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