The common name of the following aldehyde is:
Correct answer: C. β - Chloro - α - Methyl Propionaldehyde
- A. α - Methyl - Ɣ - Chloro Propionaldehyde
- B. β - Chloro - Ɣ - Methyl - Propionaldehyde
- C. β - Chloro - α - Methyl Propionaldehyde
- D. β - Methyl - α - Chloro Propionaldehyde
Explanation
Aldehydes take their name from their parent alkane chains. The -e is removed from the end and is replaced with -al. The aldehyde functional group is given the #1 numbering location and this number is not included in the name. For the common name of aldehydes start with the common parent chain name and add the suffix -aldehyde. Substituent positions are shown with Greek letters. When the -CHO functional group is attached to a ring the suffix -carbaldehyde is added, and the carbon attached to that group is C1. The alpha carbon is the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group or the carbon having an oxygen atom linked to it via a double bond. Beta carbons are the carbons adjacent to the alphas excluding the carbon of the carbonyl group. Lastly, we name the side chains in alphabetical order as shown in the correct option where we have the Chloro group named earlier followed by the methyl group and not the order way around, again because the letter 'C' comes before the letter 'M'.
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About Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain the polar carbonyl group, but aldehydes are generally more readily oxidised and more reactive than ketones. Coverage includes preparation by oxidation or reduction routes, nucleophilic addition of reagents such as hydrogen cyanide and bisulfite, and tests that distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
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