The change in internal energy, when gas is cooled from 927° to 27° is
Correct answer: D. 75%
- A. 100%
- B. 300%
- C. 200%
- D. 75%
Explanation
The correct answer is Option D: 75%. The internal energy change of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the change in temperature. Using the formula ∆U/U x 100 = ∆T/T x 100, where ∆T is the change in temperature and T is the initial temperature, we calculate the percentage change as follows:Initial temperature (in Kelvin) = 1200 K (927°C), Final temperature (in Kelvin) = 300 K (27°C).∆T = 1200 - 300 = 900 K.Percentage change in internal energy = (∆T/T) x 100 = (900/1200) x 100 = 75%.Other options are incorrect as they do not match the calculated percentage change in internal energy based on the given temperature change.
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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