The carbon atom of carbonyl group is__________________?
Correct answer: B. sp2 hybridized
- A. sp hybridized
- B. sp2 hybridized
- C. cp3 hybridized
- D. dsp2 hybridized
Explanation
The carbonyl carbon forms three sigma bonds and has no lone pair involved in its hybrid orbitals, giving it trigonal planar geometry and sp2 hybridization. Students may choose sp3 by treating the carbonyl carbon like a saturated carbon, but the C=O double bond requires an unhybridized p orbital.
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About Reactivity of Aldehydes and Ketones
The polar carbonyl group makes aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophilic addition, reduction and condensation reactions. Aldehydes are generally more reactive and oxidise readily to carboxylic acids, whereas ketones resist mild oxidation; reactions with hydrogen cyanide, sodium bisulfite and 2,4-DNP help identify their behaviour.
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