The Calvin cycle is also known as the C3 pathway due to:
Correct answer: C. Production of 3-carbon 3PGA
- A. Initial incorporation of 3 CO₂ molecules
- B. Production of 3-carbon G3P
- C. Production of 3-carbon 3PGA
- D. Cycle has 3 steps
Explanation
The Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 pathway, is named for the production of a 3-carbon compound, 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA), as the first stable product of carbon fixation. This distinguishes it from other pathways like the C4 pathway, where the first stable product is a 4-carbon compound. In option A, the incorporation of CO₂ is a step in the cycle but does not define the C₃ pathway. Option B mentions G3P, which is indeed a product, but not the one that defines the pathway. Option D focuses on the number of steps, which is unrelated to the naming of the C3 pathway.
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Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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