The best method of preparation of alkyl halides is a reaction of alcohol with__________________?
Correct answer: B. SOCl2 / Pyridine
- A. Zn / HCI
- B. SOCl2 / Pyridine
- C. PCI3
- D. PCI5
Explanation
Thionyl chloride in pyridine is an efficient reagent for converting alcohols into alkyl chlorides, producing gaseous by-products such as SO2 and HCl that are readily removed. This drives the reaction toward the alkyl halide and gives a relatively clean product. Students may choose PCl5 because it also converts alcohols to chlorides, but SOCl2/pyridine is generally the preferred laboratory method.
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About Nomenclature, Structure and Reactivity
Alkyl halides are named by selecting the longest carbon chain and locating the halogen substituent, while their structures are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary. Their reactivity includes nucleophilic substitution and elimination, with the behaviour of leaving groups and the distinction between SN1 and SN2 mechanisms linked to substrate structure.
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