Solar energy at normal incidence outside the earth's atmosphere is about:
Correct answer: C. 1.4 kWm-2
- A. 2.5 kWm-2
- B. 0.6 kWm-2
- C. 1.4 kWm-2
- D. 2.0 kWm-2
Explanation
Explanation:Solar energy at normal incidence outside the Earth's atmosphere is also known as solar constant. The solar constant is the amount of solar radiation per unit area that falls on a surface that is perpendicular to the Sun's rays when the Earth is at an average distance from the Sun. The value of the solar constant is about 1.4 kWm-2. This energy value is the amount of energy that would be received per unit area outside the Earth's atmosphere when the sun is at its zenith.
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Quantum theory treats electromagnetic radiation as packets of energy called photons, with energy proportional to frequency through E equals hf. The topic covers Planck's hypothesis, photon momentum, the photoelectric effect, threshold frequency, work function and wave particle duality, distinguishing quantised energy exchange from classical continuous radiation.
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