Sickle cell anaemia induce to:
Correct answer: B. Change of amino acid in the b-chain of haemoglobin
- A. Change of amino acid in the a-chain of haemoglobin
- B. Change of amino acid in the b-chain of haemoglobin
- C. Change of amino acid in both a and b chains of haemoglobin
- D. Change of amino acid either a or b chains of haemoglobin
Explanation
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder caused by a single nucleotide mutation in the gene encoding the b-chain of hemoglobin. This mutation results in the substitution of valine for glutamic acid at the sixth position of the b-chain. This alteration leads to the formation of hemoglobin S (HbS), which causes red blood cells to deform into a sickle shape under low oxygen conditions.Option B is correct because it accurately describes the site of the mutation. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because they either refer to the wrong chain (a-chain in Option A), both chains which is incorrect (Option C), or suggest variability that does not occur (Option D).
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Mendel's laws explain segregation, independent assortment and the prediction of genetic ratios using alleles, genotypes and phenotypes. The chapter also covers linked genes, recombination and crossing over during meiosis, then applies pedigree reasoning to X-linked recessive traits, which show different inheritance patterns in males and females.
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