Separation of a solid from its hot saturated solution by cooling is called

Explanation

The correct answer is (d) crystallization.Crystallization: This process involves separating a solid from its hot saturated solution by cooling. As the solution cools, the solubility of the dissolved substance decreases, leading to the formation of solid crystals. These crystals can then be separated from the solution.Why the other options are incorrect:(a) Vapourization: Vapourization refers to the phase transition from liquid to gas, which involves the conversion of a substance into its gaseous state, not the separation of a solid from a solution by cooling.(b) Solvent extraction: Solvent extraction is a method used to separate compounds based on their solubility in different solvents. It doesn't involve separating a solid from a solution by cooling; rather, it utilizes the differential solubility of substances in different solvents.(c) Filtration: Filtration is a process used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium. It doesn't involve the separation of a solid from a solution by cooling; instead, it's a mechanical process to separate solid particles from a liquid or gas by passing it through a filter medium.