Secondary succession takes place on/in a
Correct answer: D. degraded forest.
- A. newly created pond
- B. newly cooled lava
- C. bare rock
- D. degraded forest.
Explanation
Secondary succession (subsere) is the biotic succession that occurs in an area that becomes secondarily bare due to the destruction of a community previously present there. Secondary succession starts from previously built up substrata with already existing living matter. The action of any external force, such as a sudden change in climatic factors, biotic intervention, fire, etc., had resulted in the destruction of a previous community. Thus, the area became devoid of living matter but its substratum is built up. It has organic matter, so is biologically fertile and thus the successions are comparatively more rapid.
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Ecosystems include biotic and abiotic components, food chains and webs, energy flow, nutrient cycles, populations and ecological relationships. Pollution and conservation cover air, water, soil and noise pollution, their effects on organisms, biodiversity loss, protected areas, sustainable resource use and methods for reducing environmental damage.
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