Asked in PMC Practice Test 30 (2021) 2021

Protein coat of a virus enclosing nucleic acid is called -----------

Correct answer: B. Capsid

  • A. Vector
  • B. Capsid
  • C. Plasmid
  • D. Genome

Explanation

Option B is correct since the 'capsid' is the protein shell that encloses the nucleic acid. Moreover, the capsid proteins also help the virus attach and penetrate the host cells thereby infecting the host.Option A is incorrect because a 'vector' is a living organism that transmits an infectious agent from an infected animal to a human or another animal.Option C is incorrect because a 'plasmid' is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule found in bacteria.Option D is incorrect because the 'viral genome' is the complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.

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About Viruses

Viruses are acellular infectious particles made of genetic material enclosed by a protein capsid, sometimes with a lipid envelope. Their replication depends on a host cell and may follow lytic or lysogenic cycles, so viral structure and reproduction differ fundamentally from those of cellular organisms such as bacteria.

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