Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from:

Explanation

The correct answer is that Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter. Earthworms, including those in the Pheretima genus, are detritivores; they play a role in breaking down and recycling dead plant material, thus improving soil structure and fertility. Other options such as sugarcane roots, soil insects, and fresh leaves do not accurately represent their diet. Earthworms are not equipped to consume live plant roots or soil insects, and fresh leaves are not their primary food source as they prefer decomposed material for easier digestion.