Overall, female state leaders?
Correct answer: C. have not been significantly different from male leaders in making peace or war.
- A. are more prone to war than male leaders,
- B. have held high-level cabinet positions, but have not been elected to lead the government.
- C. have not been significantly different from male leaders in making peace or war.
- D. are less prone to war than male leaders.
Explanation
Research does not support a simple rule that female leaders are either more or less war-prone than male leaders. Their foreign-policy choices vary with institutions, political pressures, and strategic circumstances, so the broad finding is that they have not been significantly different overall.
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