Natural rubber is made harder and more elastic over a wide temperature range by vulcanisation, in which it is heated with
Correct answer: B. sulphur, which forms cross links between the polymer chains
- A. carbon black
- B. sulphur, which forms cross links between the polymer chains
- C. water under pressure
- D. sodium hydroxide
Explanation
Short chains of sulphur atoms bridge the polyisoprene chains, so they can no longer slide past one another permanently and the rubber recovers its shape instead of deforming, remaining useful when hot or cold. The more sulphur is added, the harder the product becomes, with ebonite at the extreme. Carbon black is also added to tyres but acts as a reinforcing filler rather than a cross linking agent.
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About Polymers
Polymers are large molecules made from repeating monomer units joined by covalent bonds. The topic distinguishes addition polymers such as polyethylene, PVC and polystyrene from condensation polymers such as nylon and polyester, and relates chain structure to thermoplastics, thermosetting polymers, elastomers, properties, uses and environmental concerns.
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