Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking.

Explanation

The correct option is c) Emphysema. Explanation of each option: a)"Respiratory acidosis": Respiratory acidosis is not a chronic respiratory disorder caused by cigarette smoking. Instead, it's a condition characterized by an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood, which can result from various factors, including respiratory issues. b)"Respiratory alkalosis": Respiratory alkalosis is not a chronic respiratory disorder associated with cigarette smoking. It is a condition in which there is a deficit of carbon dioxide in the blood, which can occur due to hyperventilation, among other causes. c)"Emphysema": This is the correct answer. Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disorder that is primarily caused by cigarette smoking. It is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is characterized by the destruction of lung tissue, leading to difficulty in breathing, coughing, and wheezing. Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of emphysema. d)"Asthma": While cigarette smoking can exacerbate asthma symptoms and make the condition worse, asthma is not primarily caused by smoking. Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, and it can have various triggers, including allergens and irritants. Summary: The correct answer is "Emphysema." This chronic respiratory disorder is primarily caused by cigarette smoking and leads to lung tissue destruction. The other options, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, and asthma, do not fit the description of a disorder mainly caused by cigarette smoking.