Moderate

Metabolic water is:

Correct answer: D. (B) and (C)

  • A. Water outside the cells of animals
  • B. Produced by oxidation of fats
  • C. Useful to desert mammals
  • D. (B) and (C)

Explanation

The evaporative loss of water leading to dehydration is the major problem for terrestrial life. Arthropods and vertebrates have successfully adapted to terrestrial mode of life. Terrestrial animals are covered by body surface, which prevents loss of water as the waxy exoskeletons of insects and multi-layered dead, keratinized skin cells of most terrestrial vertebrates. Drinking and eating moist foods compensate the loss of water. These animals also have metabolic and behavioral adaptations. Some desert mammals e.g., kangaroo rat survives without drinking water by feeding on seeds of desert plants containing more carbohydrates, which produce water of metabolism. Terrestrial animals produce concentrate urine in their kidneys that reabsorb most filtered water in the process of excretion. Terrestrial animals can tolerate dehydration, and it differs in various animals. This characteristic is known as anhydrobiosis.

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About Homeostasis

Homeostasis maintains a stable internal environment through the kidney and urinary system, thermoregulation and excretion. The kidney topics include filtration, selective reabsorption, urine formation and water balance, while thermoregulation involves sweating, vasodilation, vasoconstriction and hormonal control; excretion is different from egestion, which removes undigested food.

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