Kidney stones are mainly formed due to:
Correct answer: D. High level of circulating calcium in blood
- A. Lower filtration of blood at Bowman's Capsule
- B. Protein breakdown in stomach
- C. Excessive glucose levels in blood
- D. High level of circulating calcium in blood
Explanation
Kidney stones are most often crystals of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate that form when calcium levels in the urine are high, which follows a high circulating calcium level. Lower filtration and high blood glucose do not deposit crystals, and protein digestion in the stomach is unrelated to stone formation.
This question appeared on the UHS MDCAT 2026 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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The kidney and urinary system remove nitrogenous wastes, regulate water and ion balance, and help maintain blood pH through filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion. Questions cover nephron structure, ultrafiltration, the loop of Henle, collecting ducts, urine formation and the roles of ADH and aldosterone, while distinguishing excretion from egestion.
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