It is difficult for an actively managed investment fund to outperform an index fund because ?

Correct answer: D. actively managed funds trade more often and charge fees for their alleged expertise

  • A. stock markets tend to be inefficient
  • B. all of these answers
  • C. index funds are able to buy undervalued stocks
  • D. actively managed funds trade more often and charge fees for their alleged expertise

Explanation

Active funds often trade more frequently and charge management fees, creating costs that an index fund largely avoids. The other statements are inconsistent with the usual efficient-market explanation, so 'all of these' cannot be correct.

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