It acts as a machinery for synthesis of proteins:
Correct answer: B. Ribosome
- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Ribosome
- C. Mitochondria
- D. DNA of a gene
Explanation
The correct answer is Ribosome. Ribosomes are vital cellular organelles that facilitate the synthesis of proteins by translating the genetic code carried by mRNA into a sequence of amino acids, forming polypeptide chains. The Golgi Apparatus processes and packages proteins but does not synthesize them. Mitochondria are involved in energy production, not protein synthesis. DNA provides the genetic instructions for protein synthesis but must first be transcribed and then translated by ribosomes, which are the actual machinery for protein synthesis.
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The chapter covers water's polarity and biological roles, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, including their monomers, bonds, structures and functions. It also distinguishes RNA from DNA and explains conjugated molecules such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and nucleoproteins, which combine organic molecules with a non-protein component.
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