Increase in atomic number is observed during_________________?
Correct answer: B. Beta emission
- A. Alpha emission
- B. Beta emission
- C. Both A & B
- D. Radioactivity
Explanation
In beta-minus emission, a neutron changes into a proton and an electron, so the atomic number increases by 1 while the mass number remains unchanged. In alpha emission, the nucleus loses two protons, so its atomic number decreases by 2. Students may choose c by thinking that every radioactive emission increases atomic number, but alpha emission does not.
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About Discovery of the Proton
The discovery of the proton follows the study of positive rays, also called canal rays, observed in discharge tubes and later identified as positively charged particles. The work of Goldstein and Rutherford is linked to the proton's charge, relative mass and role in the nuclear model, distinct from the discovery of the electron.
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