In periods generally boiling point goes on:

Correct answer: B. Increasing

  • A. Decreasing
  • B. Increasing
  • C. Constant
  • D. Can not be predicted

Explanation

Across the short periods, the melting and boiling points of elements increase with the number of valence electrons upto group IVA and then decreaseupto the noble gases. The melting points of group IA elements are low because each atom in them provides only one electron to form a bond with other atom. Melting points of group IIA elements are considerably higher than those of group IA elements because each atom in them provides two binding electrons. Since carbon has the maximum number of binding electrons, thus it has a very high melting point in diamond in which each carbon is bound to four other carbon atoms. In general, the elements whichexist as giant covalent structures have very high melting points.

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Liquid behavior depends on intermolecular forces, which produce surface tension, viscosity, capillary action and a definite volume without a fixed shape. The topic also covers vapor pressure, evaporation, boiling point and the effect of temperature and external pressure, while distinguishing evaporation at the surface from boiling throughout the liquid.

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