In people with a kidney disease, the over-use of painkillers causes blood cells to leak in urine.This is because the pain killers MAINLY
Correct answer: B. Reduce the efficiency of glomerulus to filter the blood
- A. Cause the hypersecretion of anti-diuretic hormone
- B. Reduce the efficiency of glomerulus to filter the blood
- C. Increase the reabsorption of water through the descending loop of Henle
- D. Decrease the reabsorption of sodium through ascending loop of Henle
Explanation
The correct answer is that painkillers, particularly NSAIDs, reduce the efficiency of the glomerulus to filter the blood. This happens because these drugs can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, impairing their filtering capabilities. As a result, substances that should remain in the bloodstream, like blood cells, may leak into the urine. The other options are not accurate: painkillers do not directly cause hypersecretion of anti-diuretic hormone, nor do they specifically affect water or sodium reabsorption in the loops of Henle.
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The kidney and urinary system remove nitrogenous wastes, regulate water and ion balance, and help maintain blood pH through filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion. Questions cover nephron structure, ultrafiltration, the loop of Henle, collecting ducts, urine formation and the roles of ADH and aldosterone, while distinguishing excretion from egestion.
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